Today, the science of stereology is the best option for obtaining three-dimensional information from two-dimensional images. On the other hand, understanding the above content is extremely important for studies of histology, embryology and pathology. Methods defined in this technique are essential for proper understanding of the structure of tissue, cells, cellular organelles, and other particles in the body of living organisms. Numerous stereological methods have been developed and published, each being specific for different histological tasks. In fact stereology relies on the knowledge of mathematics and statistical analysis, to obtain extract three-dimensional data from two-dimensional images. The science of stereology is used to obtain quantitative information based on the observation and analysis of two-dimensional tissue sections or microscopic images in three-dimensional space ( 1). In histological methods we encounter two-dimensional sections or microscopic images. Stereology is generally three-dimensional measurements of microscopic structures.
Thus, this technique is very important to obtain reliable quantitative data for various researches in the field of histology.
Stereology provides knowledge about shapes, images and stereograms, and has pragmatic methods to recognize images and enables calculation of volumes and volume ratio, the area of samples, the number of particles per unit volume, particle size, unit volume and etc. For determining these parameters under microscopic conditions, direct measurement or use of routine techniques are not an option and microscopic techniques are required.
Although measuring parameters in histology such as length, weight and counting parts seems easy, when these parameters are evaluated at the microscopic level, practice approaches are not simple and time efficient. This scientific method relies on applied mathematics and statistics with the help of a set of rules, which enable various parameters such as volumes, dimensions, components and the number of components to be estimated. Thus, studies that have used proper stereological techniques, have particular value. Stereology has a special place in three-dimensional studies of quantitative biology and histology.
The science of stereology is newfound, extremely active and rapidly developing.
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